Responsible Tourism [#10] - Avalanche Hazards

Winter trekking in the snow-covered mountain peaks is a dream for every hiking enthusiast. The virgin snow covering the familiar mountains with a white layer can completely change their appearance. Every hiker, even beginners, must remember that winter trails come with certain dangers, such as the risk of avalanches. It is crucial to understand that the greatest avalanche threat arises from a lack of preparation for such situations. What can you do to avoid them and hike safely?

1. Check avalanche danger and weather conditions – you can do this from home by visiting the Tatra Volunteer Search and Rescue Service website, where you can find up-to-date descriptions of avalanche risks and trends for the coming hours. You can also find this information in mountain huts. Remember, weather can change dramatically in an instant, which is vital when planning a hike. In Poland, an international avalanche danger scale is used, distinguishing five levels:

Level 1 – low avalanche danger, and conditions for skiing and hiking are considered safe,

Level 2 - moderate avalanche danger. Movement in the mountains requires experience,

Level 3 – considerable avalanche danger. Hikers should not wander beyond the natural tree line. An avalanche could be triggered by a single person. It is recommended to use a mountain guide,

Level 4 - high avalanche danger. Avalanches can occur spontaneously on steep slopes. It is advised not to go into the mountains,

Level 5 – very high avalanche danger. Avalanches can occur spontaneously even on moderately sloped areas. It is strongly advised not to venture into the mountains.

2. Find out where avalanches frequently occur – enriched with this knowledge, you can avoid these areas in your plans. The yellow-and-black checkered pattern on the warning board along the trail should give you pause, as it clearly indicates that the area is at risk of avalanche.

3. Carry avalanche equipment that you know how to use – if you decide to hike, it is advisable to have avalanche gear with you. The avalanche ABC, which includes a beacon, probe, and shovel, is equipment that can save your life, provided you have been trained in its use.

4. Participate in an avalanche course – this is where you will learn the best ways to properly use the avalanche ABC. Individuals who take part in these courses understand how critical time is when someone is caught in an avalanche. Remember, safety in the mountains is your responsibility.

Keep in mind that hiking in tough winter conditions risks what is most important to us, namely our lives and those of our loved ones. Do not underestimate avalanche warnings.

Photo and text author: Ewa Bandyk